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Later Prehistoric and Roman Remains at Gunvil Hall Farm, Wymondham, Norfolk

Clarke, Graeme (2020) Later Prehistoric and Roman Remains at Gunvil Hall Farm, Wymondham, Norfolk. [Client Report] (Unpublished)

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Abstract

Between the 17th July and 26th September 2018 Oxford Archaeology East (OA East) carried out excavations at Land North of Gunvil Hall Farm, Wymondham, Norfolk. In total, 1.36ha was investigated by two areas of excavation (Areas A and B) within the 23ha development area within a single field, extending between Suton Lane to the east and London Road (B1172) to the north and west. Area A comprised 1.9ha on the northeastern corner of the development area and Area B comprised 0.46ha of land (250m to the south) on the eastern edge of the development, closer to Gunvil Hall Farm.
The locations of the excavation areas were based on the results of previous stages of evaluation work. A desk-based assessment for the development site was carried out by CgMs in 2013, along with Heritage statements on Gunville Hall (by HeritageCollective in 2013) and Gunvil Hall Farm (by Montagu-Evans in 2014), with a geophysical survey undertaken in 2014. An archaeological trench evaluation was conducted across the full extent of the development area by MOLA Northampton in September 2014. The evaluation confirmed the presence of two prehistoric ring ditches identified by the geophysical survey within the northeastern part of the development area and possible Roman field boundary ditches within its southeastern part.
The two excavation areas targeted each of these sets of remains. The full extent of the Early Bronze Age funerary monuments was revealed, within which cremated human bone had also been interred at the end of this period. Unexpectedly, extensive later prehistoric pit deposits spanning the Early Neolithic to Early Iron Age were also encountered in both excavation areas. These included a small group of pits uncovered between the ring ditches that produced cremated human bone, dated to the beginning of the Late Bronze Age period. Part of a Middle Iron Age enclosure was also revealed in Area B which was associated with the remains of a roundhouse. In both areas, these remains were succeeded by Roman enclosures set out alongside a trackway. These enclosures continued beyond the limits of the excavated areas where they were further delineated by the previous geophysical survey. The geophysical survey also showed the trackway continued along the eastern margins of Area A, adjacent to Suton Lane, to suggest a possible Roman origin to this road. Of significance within Area A was the discovery of a largely intact pottery kiln within the Roman enclosure that produced a significant quantity of Roman grey ware pottery dated to the latter part of the 3rd century AD.
The excavation has revealed a significant later prehistoric funerary site that was subsequently subsumed into a zone of domestic occupation from the latter part of the Late Bronze Age period. The uncovering of a possible Roman routeway flanked by enclosures and pottery-making activities is also a significant addition to the local archaeological record of the period.

Item Type: Client Report
Uncontrolled Keywords: Excavation, excavation, archaeological excavation, Norfolk, norfolk, Wymondham, wymondham, Early Bronze Age, early bronze age, Bronze Age, bronze age, funerary monument, cremation, cremations, HSR, hsr, human remains, Human Remains, cremated bone, Late Bronze Age, late bronze age, pit, pits, pitting, Early Neolithic, early neolithic, Early Iron Age, early iron age, Middle Iron Age, middle iron age, enclosure, enclosure ditch, roundhouse, round house, Roman, roman, trackway, pottery kiln, kiln, Pottery, pottery, pot, ceramic, sherd, vessel, 2253, report 2253, Report 2253, OAE report 2253, token, thimble, ring, book clasp, mould, metalwork, metalworking mould, fired clay, fired clay metalworking mould, metalworking, flint, flints, worked flint, worked flints, lithic implement, lithic, lithics, lithic implements, burnt flint, fired flint, fire-cracked flint, Neolithic flint, neolithic flint, Iron Age flint, iron age flint, Bronze Age flint, bronze age flint, Roman flint, roman flint, Post-Roman flint, post-roman flint, arrowhead, whetstone, quern, rotary quern, Early Bronze Age pottery, early bronze age pottery, Bronze Age pottery, bronze age pottery, Late Bronze Age pottery, late bronze age pottery, Early Neolithic pottery, early neolithic pottery, Early Iron Age pottery, early iron age pottery, Middle Iron Age pottery, middle iron age pottery, collared urn, beaker pottery, Beaker pottery, Roman pottery, roman pottery, kiln furniture, weight, clay weight, fired clay weight, animal remains, animal bone, animal bones, bone, bones
Subjects: Geographical Areas > English Counties > Norfolk
Period > UK Periods > Bronze Age 2500 - 700 BC
Period > UK Periods > Bronze Age 2500 - 700 BC > Early Bronze Age 2500 - 1500 BC
Period > UK Periods > Iron Age 800 BC - 43 AD > Early Iron Age 800 - 400 BC
Period > UK Periods > Neolithic 4000 - 2200 BC > Early Neolithic 4000 - 3000 BC
Period > UK Periods > Iron Age 800 BC - 43 AD
Period > UK Periods > Bronze Age 2500 - 700 BC > Late Bronze Age 1000 - 700 BC
Period > UK Periods > Bronze Age 2500 - 700 BC > Middle Bronze Age 1600 - 1,000 BC
Period > UK Periods > Neolithic 4000 - 2200 BC
Period > UK Periods > Roman 43 - 410 AD
Divisions: Oxford Archaeology East
Depositing User: Hamilton
Date Deposited: 26 Oct 2020 14:30
Last Modified: 26 Oct 2020 14:30
URI: http://eprints.oxfordarchaeology.com/id/eprint/5787

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